Chatbot Evolution & Architecture

From simple rules to AI-powered conversational agents

Evolution Timeline

1966

ELIZA

First chatbot, rule-based

2011

Siri

Voice assistant

2022

ChatGPT

AI-powered

How Chatbots Work

Input

User message

NLP Processing

Understand intent

ML Model

Generate response

Output

Reply to user

Two Main Types

Rule-Based

  • Predefined flows
  • Simple logic
  • Limited responses

AI-Powered

  • Learns from data
  • Natural language
  • Context-aware

Architecture

User Interface
NLP Engine
Dialog Manager
Backend/APIs
ML Model

Tools & Tech

Platforms

  • Dialogflow
  • Rasa
  • Microsoft Bot Framework

APIs

  • GPT Models
  • BERT
  • Transformer APIs

Chatbot vs Human Support

Chatbots

  • 24/7 availability
  • Instant responses
  • Handles 1000s simultaneously
  • Consistent answers
  • Multilingual

Humans

  • Emotional intelligence
  • Complex queries
  • Creative solutions
  • Empathetic responses
  • Judgment calls

Business Benefits

HDFC EVA Case Study

5M+
queries
85%
accuracy

Limitations